{"id":36734,"date":"2012-08-28T15:10:51","date_gmt":"2012-08-28T15:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/?p=36734"},"modified":"2012-08-28T17:10:25","modified_gmt":"2012-08-28T17:10:25","slug":"using-check-disk-to-maintain-your-hard-drive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/using-check-disk-to-maintain-your-hard-drive\/","title":{"rendered":"Windows Guides: Using Check Disk to Maintain Your Hard Drive"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/checkdisk.jpg\" alt=\"using check disk\" title=\"using check disk\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-36747\" \/><\/p>\n<p>By Rich Robinson for Windows Guides<\/p>\n<h2>Using Check Disk to Maintain Your Hard Drive<\/h2>\n<p>If there\u2019s a piece of equipment that works hard in your PC, it\u2019s your hard disk drive (HDD.) HDDs operate at anywhere between 4200 and 15000 RPM (perhaps higher) while in use. In other words, these things spin anywhere between 70 and 250 times a second\u2014sometimes for days on end! While the information in this guide mostly applies to both HDDs and Solid State Drives (SSD), SSDs have no moving parts so some of the information will not apply.<\/p>\n<p>With high speeds and enormous data transfers on a daily basis hard drive file systems, used to store and access all your data, are prone to corruption and failure. Thankfully, all versions of Windows come with a nifty, free tool called \u201cCheck Disk\u201d (chkdsk.) In this guide, we\u2019ll show you how to use Check Disk and explain a little about common errors to which hard drives are prone.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How Do Hard Drives Get Corrupted?<\/strong><br \/>\nAll storage media is prone to corruption; however HDDs are a little more exposed as they have moving parts. Included in these moving parts are read\/write heads that, when jolted mid read\/write (i.e. when you put your laptop down on a table) can crash into the hard disk platters and ruin data. Technically, a jolted head can wipe out a whole HDD if it hits the right area and I\u2019ve seen this happen with a coworker\u2019s laptop. Presumably, that won\u2019t happen to you if you\u2019re careful; however, you may have already lost\/scrambled data without realizing it.<\/p>\n<p>Even you\u2019re careful with your PC (or it\u2019s a desktop and you don\u2019t move it while it\u2019s powered on), there are other ways to corrupt data. Common ways in which data is corrupted include: power surges, malware, turning your PC off without a clean shut down (Windows may label your drive as a \u201cdirty\u201d disk), and even flipped bits resulting from non-ECC protected memory. These corruption issues affect both HDD and SSD users. Often, HDDs will take care of bad sectors with self-detection mechanisms; however, corrupted file systems are dealt with using chkdsk.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What Does chkdsk Do?<\/strong><br \/>\nchkdsk scans your hard drive, identifies problems, and attempts to fix these problems. Specifically, chkdsk:<\/p>\n<p>Searches for invalid file names and dates<br \/>\nIdentifies and attempts to fix bad compression structures, sectors, and invalid clusters<br \/>\nFinds lost clusters (orphaned) and fixes cross-linked clusters<br \/>\nFixes file-system cycles (e.g. folders referring to themselves as their parent folder)<br \/>\nMarks unrecoverable sectors as bad so they cannot be used again to store (and lose) data<br \/>\nWhat is a Sector? What is a Cluster?<br \/>\nHard disks are made up of millions of tiny storage areas referred to as sectors; these sectors are a physical section of a hard disk platter in which data (usually up to 512 bytes) is stored. As hard drives increase in size, addressing so many sectors (a 1TB drive has up to approximately 2,147,483,648 sectors) becomes difficult. Thus, sectors are grouped, by Windows, into clusters. A cluster size is determined by the size of your hard disk partition.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/mintywhite.com\/windows-7\/7maintenance\/maintain-hard-drive-file-system-windows-check-disk\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article continued here<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This excerpt appears with the permission of Windows Guides.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/techtalk.pcpitstop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/checkdisk.jpg\" alt=\"using check disk\" title=\"using check disk\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-36747\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In this guide, we\u2019ll show you how to use Check Disk and explain a little about common errors to which hard drives are prone.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":66012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3883],"tags":[4274],"class_list":["post-36734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-windows-guides","tag-windows-check-disk"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Using Check Disk to Maintain Your Hard Drive<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this guide, we\u2019ll show you how to use Check Disk and explain a little about common errors to which hard drives are prone.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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