{"id":15914,"date":"2010-04-05T12:52:07","date_gmt":"2010-04-05T17:52:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/?p=15914"},"modified":"2010-04-05T12:52:07","modified_gmt":"2010-04-05T17:52:07","slug":"ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/","title":{"rendered":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"askleo\"<\/p>\n

By Leo Notenboom<\/p>\n

I have noticed for years that certain emails and documents
\nhave strange characters where punctuation and other
\ncharacters should be. An example is this word:
\nyesterday’s Where the characters ’ should
\nclearly be an apostrophe. Why is this happening and what
\ncan I do to eliminate this occurring? I suspect that it
\nhappens more often when the originating computer system is
\na mac.<\/i><\/p>\n

It’s all about character encoding.<\/p>\n

And that simple sentence represents a bit of complexity.<\/p>\n

Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.<\/p>\n

As I’ve discussed before, typically in the context of email,
\nthere are several ways to “encode” the characters – the letters and numbers and
\nsymbols – you see on the screen.<\/p>\n

The fundamental concept is that all characters are actually stored as numbers.
\nThe uppercase letter “A”, for example, is the number 65. “B” is 66, and so on.<\/p>\n

“The fundamental concept is that all characters are actually stored as numbers.”<\/div>\n

The “ASCII” character set or encoding uses a single byte – values from 0 to 255 –
\nto represent up to 256 different characters. (Technically ASCII actually only uses
\n7 bits of that byte, or values from 0-127. The most common true 8-bit encoding used
\non the internet today is “ISO-8859-1”.)<\/p>\n

The problem, of course, is that there are way more than 256 possible characters.
\nWhile we might spend most of our time with common characters like A-Z, a-z, 0-9 and
\na handful of punctuation, in reality the there are thousands of other possible characters – particularly
\nif you think globally.<\/p>\n

At the other end of the spectrum is the “Unicode” encoding, which uses two (or more) bytes,
\ngiving many more possible different characters. “A” is still 65, but if we look at it
\nin hexadecimal the single byte Ascii “A” is 41, while the two-byte Unicode “A” is 0041.<\/p>\n

At this point, it should be clear that switching from Ascii to Unicode would immediately
\ndouble the size of every email, every document, and everything else that stored text. Possible, and
\nin some cases even the right solution, but when you consider that the majority of communications,
\nparticularly in the western world, focus on the basic roman alphabet and a few numbers and
\npunctuation, it starts to seem wasteful.<\/p>\n

Enter “UTF-8”, for “8 bit Unicode Transformation Format”.<\/p>\n

In UTF-8 the entire Unicode character set is broken down by an algorithm into byte sequences that are either 1, 2, 3 or 4 bytes long.
\nThe reason is simple: the vast majority of characters in common usage in Western languages fall into the 1 byte range. Messages
\nremain smaller, but should one of those “other” characters be needed it can be incorporated by using it’s “longer” representation.<\/p>\n

All that is a lot of back story to the problem.<\/p>\n

Mis-Interpretation<\/strong><\/p>\n

When you see funny characters it’s because data encoded using UTF-8 is likely being interpreted as ISO-8859-1.<\/p>\n

Let’s use an example: that apostrophe.<\/p>\n

First, let’s be clear as mud: there are apostrophes, and apostrophes. In reality the characters we often
\nrefer to as apostrophes could be:<\/p>\n

  • \n

    the apostrophe: (‘)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    the acute accent: (´)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    the grave accent: (`)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    the right single quote (’)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    the left single quote (‘)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    (Those might look similar, different, or not appear at all depending on the fonts and character sets
    \navailable on your computer. I told you this was complex. \"Smile\")<\/p>\n

    Each, of course has a different encoding. Let’s take the right single quote (for reasons I’ll explain below):<\/p>\n

  • \n

    ASCII: doesn’t exist<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    ISO-8859-1: 0xB4 in hexadecimal<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Unicode: 0x07E3 in hexadecimal<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    UTF-8: 0xE28099<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    I don’t expect you to care about the actual numbers there, but simply notice how dramatically different they are.<\/p>\n

    Now, what happens when the UTF-8 series of numbers is interpreted as if<\/em> it were ISO-8859-1?<\/p>\n

    ’<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    Look familiar?<\/p>\n

    0xE28099 breaks down as 0xE2 (â), 0x80 (€) and 0x99 (™). What was one character in UTF-8 (’) gets
    \nmistakenly displayed as three (’) when misinterpreted as ISO-8859-1.<\/p>\n

    The Culprits<\/b><\/p>\n

    There are typically two.two<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    [This post is excerpted with Leo’s permission from his Ask Leo<\/a> blog.]<\/p>\n

    Leo Notenboom has been involved in the tech industry for nearly 30 years. After retiring from an 18 year career as a Microsoft Software Engineer Leo went on to create Ask Leo!<\/a>, a free web site where he answers real questions from ordinary computer users.<\/i><\/p>\n

    FaceBook URL: Leo’s Facebook<\/a><\/p>\n

    Twitter URL: http:\/\/twitter.com\/askleo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \"askleo\"<\/p>\n

    By Leo Notenboom<\/p>\n

    The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn’t always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted.<\/p>\n

    Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":66012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[1072,1073,1074,1075,1076],"class_list":["post-15914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-leo-notenboom","tag-ascii-character-set","tag-byte-values","tag-fundamental-concept","tag-odd-characters","tag-simple-sentence"],"yoast_head":"\nAsk Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"PC Matic Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pcmatic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Leo Notenboom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@pcmatic\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@pcmatic\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Leo Notenboom\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Leo Notenboom\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed90798b38aa4ab74e12591da7ab21d5\"},\"headline\":\"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":742,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/pcmatic-fallback.png\",\"keywords\":[\"ascii character set\",\"byte values\",\"fundamental concept\",\"odd characters\",\"simple sentence\"],\"articleSection\":[\"leo notenboom\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/pcmatic-fallback.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/pcmatic-fallback.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/pcmatic-fallback.png\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"PC Matic Blog\",\"description\":\"Tech Tips and Tricks\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"PC Matic - Top Antivirus Company in the USA.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/techtalk.pcmatic.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/PC-MaticLogo-e1472689639222.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/techtalk.pcmatic.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/PC-MaticLogo-e1472689639222.png\",\"width\":1535,\"height\":483,\"caption\":\"PC Matic - Top Antivirus Company in the USA.\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/pcmatic\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/pcmatic\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/pcmaticusa\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/pcmatic\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/c\\\/PCMaticVideo\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed90798b38aa4ab74e12591da7ab21d5\",\"name\":\"Leo Notenboom\",\"description\":\"Leo A. Notenboom is the owner of Puget Sound Software, LLC and the Leo in Ask Leo!. Leo has been in the personal computer and software industry since 1979, as a software engineer, a manager of software engineers, and as a consultant. In 1983 Leo joined what was then a medium sized local company called Microsoft and spent the next 18 years in a wide variety of groups working on a wide variety of software. If you're running Microsoft Windows, if you've used a Microsoft development tool or Microsoft Money, or if you've ever purchased a ticket through Expedia, there's a good chance you've been touched by some of his work. And of course, since 2003, Leo has been answering your tech questions on Ask Leo!\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/ask-leo.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pcmatic.com\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/leo\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes","description":"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes","og_description":"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/","og_site_name":"PC Matic Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pcmatic","article_published_time":"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Leo Notenboom","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@pcmatic","twitter_site":"@pcmatic","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Leo Notenboom","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/"},"author":{"name":"Leo Notenboom","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/ed90798b38aa4ab74e12591da7ab21d5"},"headline":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes","datePublished":"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/"},"wordCount":742,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png","keywords":["ascii character set","byte values","fundamental concept","odd characters","simple sentence"],"articleSection":["leo notenboom"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/","url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/","name":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png","datePublished":"2010-04-05T17:52:07+00:00","description":"By Leo Notenboom The way characters are represented within computer documents and email isn't always the same everywhere, and things often get misinterpreted. Let me cover a few concepts, and throw out a few tips on how it can sometimes be avoided.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/pcmatic-fallback.png","width":1920,"height":1080},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/ask-leo-odd-characters-instead-of-quotes\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ask Leo: Odd Characters Instead of Quotes"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/","name":"PC Matic Blog","description":"Tech Tips and Tricks","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"PC Matic - Top Antivirus Company in the USA.","url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/techtalk.pcmatic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/PC-MaticLogo-e1472689639222.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/techtalk.pcmatic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/PC-MaticLogo-e1472689639222.png","width":1535,"height":483,"caption":"PC Matic - Top Antivirus Company in the USA."},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pcmatic","https:\/\/x.com\/pcmatic","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/pcmaticusa\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/pcmatic","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/PCMaticVideo"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/ed90798b38aa4ab74e12591da7ab21d5","name":"Leo Notenboom","description":"Leo A. Notenboom is the owner of Puget Sound Software, LLC and the Leo in Ask Leo!. Leo has been in the personal computer and software industry since 1979, as a software engineer, a manager of software engineers, and as a consultant. In 1983 Leo joined what was then a medium sized local company called Microsoft and spent the next 18 years in a wide variety of groups working on a wide variety of software. If you're running Microsoft Windows, if you've used a Microsoft development tool or Microsoft Money, or if you've ever purchased a ticket through Expedia, there's a good chance you've been touched by some of his work. And of course, since 2003, Leo has been answering your tech questions on Ask Leo!","sameAs":["http:\/\/ask-leo.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/author\/leo\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15914\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pcmatic.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}